Anal fistula, complex, recurrent

This code signifies a complex anal fistula that has recurred after previous treatment. A complex fistula often involves multiple tracts, high tracts, or involvement of significant portions of the anal sphincter, making it more challenging to treat than a simple fistula. Recurrence indicates the fistula has reappeared following a period of healing.

Use this code when documentation clearly indicates a patient presents with an anal fistula that is both complex in nature and has recurred. This typically applies to patients undergoing re-evaluation or re-treatment for a previously managed anal fistula. Documentation should specify the complexity (e.g., high, multiple tracts, sphincter involvement) and the recurrent nature.

• Ensure the medical record explicitly states both "complex" and "recurrent" to support this specific code.
• Distinguish from initial complex anal fistulas (K60.31x) or simple recurrent fistulas (K60.30x).
• Consider sequencing this code as a primary diagnosis when it is the reason for the encounter, or as a secondary diagnosis if it's a co-morbidity impacting treatment.