Neuromyelitis optica

This code represents neuromyelitis optica (NMO), also known as Devic's disease, a rare, severe, and relapsing autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system. It primarily affects the optic nerves and spinal cord, leading to episodes of optic neuritis and transverse myelitis.

Assign this code for patients diagnosed with neuromyelitis optica, characterized by inflammatory demyelination predominantly in the optic nerves and spinal cord. Documentation should clearly indicate a diagnosis of NMO, often supported by clinical presentation, MRI findings, and positive NMO-IgG (aquaporin-4 antibody) serology.

• Differentiate from multiple sclerosis (MS); NMO has distinct pathological and clinical features.
• Ensure documentation specifies "neuromyelitis optica" rather than just "optic neuritis" or "myelitis" alone.
• Consider sequencing with codes for associated neurological deficits or complications, such as blindness or paralysis.