Spinal instabilities, thoracolumbar region

This code signifies an abnormal or excessive movement between vertebrae in the thoracolumbar spine, leading to pain, neurological symptoms, or functional impairment. It indicates a loss of the spine's ability to maintain its normal pattern of displacement under physiological loads without causing neurological deficit, deformity, or incapacitating pain.

Apply this code when documentation clearly indicates instability in the thoracolumbar region (T11-L2), often diagnosed through dynamic imaging studies like flexion-extension X-rays. This diagnosis is typically supported by findings of spondylolisthesis, retrolisthesis, or significant angular/translational motion between vertebral bodies.

• Ensure documentation specifies "instability" rather than just degenerative changes or disc disorders.
• Distinguish from M53.2X1-M53.2X9, which specify other spinal regions.
• Code any associated neurological deficits (e.g., radiculopathy, myelopathy) separately.